The Effect of Occupational Therapy on Increasing Functional Independence in Patients with Mental Disorders
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Published:
Mar 30, 2025
Keywords:
Occupational Therapy, Mental Disorders, Functional Independence, Daily Living Skills, Mental Health Recovery
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Articles
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Abstract
This research explores the effect of occupational therapy (OT) on patients with mental disorders, focusing on its role in increasing functional independence and improving daily living skills. Mental disorders often lead to impairments in self-care, social interactions, work capabilities, and other essential life activities, reducing overall independence. This study examines how OT interventions, tailored to individual needs, can address these challenges and enhance patients' autonomy and quality of life. The research synthesizes prior literature on OT's impact in mental health settings and presents a comprehensive evaluation of its effectiveness in fostering independence. Results suggest that OT significantly improves self-care skills, social participation, and vocational engagement, contributing to better mental health outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of integrating occupational therapy into clinical practice and healthcare policy, advocating for broader accessibility to OT services as part of a holistic approach to mental health treatment. This study concludes that occupational therapy is a valuable intervention for patients with mental disorders, promoting long-term recovery and enhancing functional independence in daily life.
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How to Cite
Lianur, L., Haryani, A., & Putri, M. I. (2025). The Effect of Occupational Therapy on Increasing Functional Independence in Patients with Mental Disorders. International Journal on ObGyn and Health Sciences, 3(2), 38–48. https://doi.org/10.35335/obgyn.v3i2.211
References
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Balon, R., Guerrero, A. P. S., Coverdale, J. H., Brenner, A. M., Louie, A. K., Beresin, E. V, & Roberts, L. W. (2019). Institutional review board approval as an educational tool. In Academic Psychiatry (Vol. 43, pp. 285–289). Springer.
Barnett, J. E., Baker, E. K., Elman, N. S., & Schoener, G. R. (2007). In pursuit of wellness: The self-care imperative. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(6), 603a.
Chao, Y.-H., Cheng, Y.-Y., & Chiou, W.-B. (2011). The psychological consequence of experiencing shame: Self-sufficiency and mood-repair. Motivation and Emotion, 35, 202–210.
Chen, Y., Shaffer, M., Westman, M., Chen, S., Lazarova, M., & Reiche, S. (2014). Family role performance: Scale development and validation. Applied Psychology, 63(1), 190–218.
Creek, J., & Lougher, L. (2011). Occupational therapy and mental health. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Crocker, J., & Wolfe, C. T. (2001). Contingencies of self-worth. Psychological Review, 108(3), 593.
Curtin, M., & Fossey, E. (2007). Appraising the trustworthiness of qualitative studies: Guidelines for occupational therapists. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 54(2), 88–94.
Fawcett, A. L. (2013). Principles of assessment and outcome measurement for occupational therapists and physiotherapists: Theory, skills and application. John Wiley & Sons.
Gascon, M., Triguero-Mas, M., Martínez, D., Dadvand, P., Forns, J., Plasència, A., & Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J. (2015). Mental health benefits of long-term exposure to residential green and blue spaces: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(4), 4354–4379.
Gibson, R. W., D’Amico, M., Jaffe, L., & Arbesman, M. (2011). Occupational therapy interventions for recovery in the areas of community integration and normative life roles for adults with serious mental illness: A systematic review. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 65(3), 247–256.
Godfrey, C. M., Harrison, M. B., Lysaght, R., Lamb, M., Graham, I. D., & Oakley, P. (2011). Care of self–care by other–care of other: The meaning of self‐care from research, practice, policy and industry perspectives. International Journal of Evidence‐Based Healthcare, 9(1), 3–24.
Graff, M. J. L., Vernooij-Dassen, M. J. M., Thijssen, M., Dekker, J., Hoefnagels, W. H. L., & Rikkert, M. G. M. O. (2006). Community based occupational therapy for patients with dementia and their care givers: randomised controlled trial. Bmj, 333(7580), 1196.
Johansson, A., & Björklund, A. (2016). The impact of occupational therapy and lifestyle interventions on older persons’ health, well-being, and occupational adaptation: A mixed-design study. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 23(3), 207–219.
Keyes, C. L. M. (2005). Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of health. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(3), 539.
Kopelowicz, A., & Liberman, R. P. (2003). Integration of care: integrating treatment with rehabilitation for persons with major mental illnesses. Psychiatric Services, 54(11), 1491–1498.
Lacaille, D., White, M. A., Backman, C. L., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2007). Problems faced at work due to inflammatory arthritis: new insights gained from understanding patients’ perspective. Arthritis Care & Research, 57(7), 1269–1279.
Lin, J. S., O’Connor, E., Rossom, R. C., Perdue, L. A., & Eckstrom, E. (2013). Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults: a systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Annals of Internal Medicine, 159(9), 601–612.
Lin, Y.-C., Huang, C.-Y., Lin, I.-L., Shieh, J.-Y., Chung, Y.-T., & Chen, K.-L. (2015). Evaluating functional outcomes of botulinum toxin type a injection combined with occupational therapy in the upper limbs of children with cerebral palsy: a 9-month follow-Up from the perspectives of both child and caregiver. PLoS One, 10(11), e0142769.
Mack, N. (2005). Qualitative research methods: A data collector’s field guide.
Millan, M. J., Agid, Y., Brüne, M., Bullmore, E. T., Carter, C. S., Clayton, N. S., Connor, R., Davis, S., Deakin, B., & DeRubeis, R. J. (2012). Cognitive dysfunction in psychiatric disorders: characteristics, causes and the quest for improved therapy. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 11(2), 141–168.
Mlinac, M. E., & Feng, M. C. (2016). Assessment of activities of daily living, self-care, and independence. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 31(6), 506–516.
Niedermann, K., Hammond, A., Forster, A., & de Bie, R. (2010). Perceived benefits and barriers to joint protection among people with rheumatoid arthritis and occupational therapists. A mixed methods study. Musculoskeletal Care, 8(3), 143–156.
Pavlova, B., Perlis, R. H., Alda, M., & Uher, R. (2015). Lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in people with bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(8), 710–717.
Posluns, K., & Gall, T. L. (2020). Dear mental health practitioners, take care of yourselves: A literature review on self-care. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 42(1), 1–20.
Powell, J. M., Rich, T. J., & Wise, E. K. (2016). Effectiveness of occupation-and activity-based interventions to improve everyday activities and social participation for people with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 70(3), 7003180040p1-7003180040p9.
Rowa, K., Waechter, S., Hood, H. K., & Antony, M. M. (2017). Generalized anxiety disorder. Psychopathology: History, Diagnosis, and Empirical Foundations, Third Edition, 149–186.
Rubin, K. H., Coplan, R. J., & Bowker, J. C. (2009). Social withdrawal in childhood. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 141–171.
Wiles, R., Crow, G., Heath, S., & Charles, V. (2008). The management of confidentiality and anonymity in social research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 11(5), 417–428.
Balon, R., Guerrero, A. P. S., Coverdale, J. H., Brenner, A. M., Louie, A. K., Beresin, E. V, & Roberts, L. W. (2019). Institutional review board approval as an educational tool. In Academic Psychiatry (Vol. 43, pp. 285–289). Springer.
Barnett, J. E., Baker, E. K., Elman, N. S., & Schoener, G. R. (2007). In pursuit of wellness: The self-care imperative. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(6), 603a.
Chao, Y.-H., Cheng, Y.-Y., & Chiou, W.-B. (2011). The psychological consequence of experiencing shame: Self-sufficiency and mood-repair. Motivation and Emotion, 35, 202–210.
Chen, Y., Shaffer, M., Westman, M., Chen, S., Lazarova, M., & Reiche, S. (2014). Family role performance: Scale development and validation. Applied Psychology, 63(1), 190–218.
Creek, J., & Lougher, L. (2011). Occupational therapy and mental health. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Crocker, J., & Wolfe, C. T. (2001). Contingencies of self-worth. Psychological Review, 108(3), 593.
Curtin, M., & Fossey, E. (2007). Appraising the trustworthiness of qualitative studies: Guidelines for occupational therapists. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 54(2), 88–94.
Fawcett, A. L. (2013). Principles of assessment and outcome measurement for occupational therapists and physiotherapists: Theory, skills and application. John Wiley & Sons.
Gascon, M., Triguero-Mas, M., Martínez, D., Dadvand, P., Forns, J., Plasència, A., & Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J. (2015). Mental health benefits of long-term exposure to residential green and blue spaces: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(4), 4354–4379.
Gibson, R. W., D’Amico, M., Jaffe, L., & Arbesman, M. (2011). Occupational therapy interventions for recovery in the areas of community integration and normative life roles for adults with serious mental illness: A systematic review. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 65(3), 247–256.
Godfrey, C. M., Harrison, M. B., Lysaght, R., Lamb, M., Graham, I. D., & Oakley, P. (2011). Care of self–care by other–care of other: The meaning of self‐care from research, practice, policy and industry perspectives. International Journal of Evidence‐Based Healthcare, 9(1), 3–24.
Graff, M. J. L., Vernooij-Dassen, M. J. M., Thijssen, M., Dekker, J., Hoefnagels, W. H. L., & Rikkert, M. G. M. O. (2006). Community based occupational therapy for patients with dementia and their care givers: randomised controlled trial. Bmj, 333(7580), 1196.
Johansson, A., & Björklund, A. (2016). The impact of occupational therapy and lifestyle interventions on older persons’ health, well-being, and occupational adaptation: A mixed-design study. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 23(3), 207–219.
Keyes, C. L. M. (2005). Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of health. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(3), 539.
Kopelowicz, A., & Liberman, R. P. (2003). Integration of care: integrating treatment with rehabilitation for persons with major mental illnesses. Psychiatric Services, 54(11), 1491–1498.
Lacaille, D., White, M. A., Backman, C. L., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2007). Problems faced at work due to inflammatory arthritis: new insights gained from understanding patients’ perspective. Arthritis Care & Research, 57(7), 1269–1279.
Lin, J. S., O’Connor, E., Rossom, R. C., Perdue, L. A., & Eckstrom, E. (2013). Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults: a systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Annals of Internal Medicine, 159(9), 601–612.
Lin, Y.-C., Huang, C.-Y., Lin, I.-L., Shieh, J.-Y., Chung, Y.-T., & Chen, K.-L. (2015). Evaluating functional outcomes of botulinum toxin type a injection combined with occupational therapy in the upper limbs of children with cerebral palsy: a 9-month follow-Up from the perspectives of both child and caregiver. PLoS One, 10(11), e0142769.
Mack, N. (2005). Qualitative research methods: A data collector’s field guide.
Millan, M. J., Agid, Y., Brüne, M., Bullmore, E. T., Carter, C. S., Clayton, N. S., Connor, R., Davis, S., Deakin, B., & DeRubeis, R. J. (2012). Cognitive dysfunction in psychiatric disorders: characteristics, causes and the quest for improved therapy. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 11(2), 141–168.
Mlinac, M. E., & Feng, M. C. (2016). Assessment of activities of daily living, self-care, and independence. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 31(6), 506–516.
Niedermann, K., Hammond, A., Forster, A., & de Bie, R. (2010). Perceived benefits and barriers to joint protection among people with rheumatoid arthritis and occupational therapists. A mixed methods study. Musculoskeletal Care, 8(3), 143–156.
Pavlova, B., Perlis, R. H., Alda, M., & Uher, R. (2015). Lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in people with bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(8), 710–717.
Posluns, K., & Gall, T. L. (2020). Dear mental health practitioners, take care of yourselves: A literature review on self-care. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 42(1), 1–20.
Powell, J. M., Rich, T. J., & Wise, E. K. (2016). Effectiveness of occupation-and activity-based interventions to improve everyday activities and social participation for people with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 70(3), 7003180040p1-7003180040p9.
Rowa, K., Waechter, S., Hood, H. K., & Antony, M. M. (2017). Generalized anxiety disorder. Psychopathology: History, Diagnosis, and Empirical Foundations, Third Edition, 149–186.
Rubin, K. H., Coplan, R. J., & Bowker, J. C. (2009). Social withdrawal in childhood. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 141–171.
Wiles, R., Crow, G., Heath, S., & Charles, V. (2008). The management of confidentiality and anonymity in social research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 11(5), 417–428.
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